Analisis Strategi Pembelajaran Anak dengan Autisme pada Jenjang Taman Kanak-Kanak dalam Perspektif Bimbingan dan Konseling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26539/teraputik/2729/10/2/2026Keywords:
pendidikan inklusif,, anak autis, bimbingan dan konseling, anak berkebutuhan khususAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus, khususnya anak autis, di SLB TNCC Kota Banda Aceh, serta menganalisis peran bimbingan dan konseling dalam mendukung proses pembelajarannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif lapangan dengan metode deskriptif analitis, di mana data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipan dan wawancara dengan satu orang subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan layanan pendidikan di SLB TNCC Banda Aceh telah berjalan cukup baik melalui pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan peserta didik serta didukung oleh lingkungan belajar yang kondusif. Namun, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi beberapa kendala, seperti keterbatasan kompetensi guru dalam menangani anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK), kurangnya guru pendamping khusus, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana pendukung, serta kurikulum yang belum sepenuhnya adaptif terhadap kebutuhan peserta didik, khususnya dalam aspek komunikasi, interaksi sosial, dan kemandirian anak autis. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, sekolah dan guru melakukan berbagai upaya, antara lain penyesuaian metode pembelajaran, pendekatan individual, kerja sama dengan orang tua, serta penciptaan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung perkembangan peserta didik. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa layanan bimbingan dan konseling memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif, yaitu melalui asesmen kebutuhan individu anak, pengembangan keterampilan sosial dan komunikasi, pendampingan psikososial untuk mengelola perilaku dan emosi anak, penguatan kolaborasi dengan orang tua, serta pembentukan iklim kelas yang inklusif dan toleran. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, penyediaan fasilitas pendidikan yang memadai, serta penguatan kolaborasi antara guru, guru pendamping khusus, guru bimbingan dan konseling, sekolah, dan orang tua dalam mendukung layanan pendidikan yang lebih optimal bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Liza Fidiawati, Anggi Fitria, Putri Fakhrina Sari, Raudha Meutia, Tria Marvida, Candra Prasiska Rahmat, Amelia Putri, Windi Agustina (Author)
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