AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN WASIAT RENUNGAN MASA PENGALAMAN BARU

Abstract

This study examines the use of figurative language and contextual meaning in Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) poetic verses written by TGKH. Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid. This topic is important because Wasiat Renungan Masa Pengalaman Baru functions not only as a medium of religious preaching and education, but also as a representation of moral, social, religious, and cultural values conveyed through figurative expressions. The study aims to identify the types of figurative language based on Leech's theory (1969,2014) and analyze their contextual meanings using the theory proposed by Dancygier & Sweetser (2014). This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data consisted of Wasiat Renungan Masa Pengalaman Baru verses containing figurative expressions. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed by classifying figurative language types and interpreting their contextual meanings within the religious, cultural, and social context of Sasak society. The findings reveal seven dominant types of figurative language: metaphor, hyperbole, metonymy, simile, personification, litotes, and synecdoche. Metaphor appeared as the most dominant type because it effectively conveyed spiritual, moral, and ideological messages symbolically. Furthermore, the contextual meanings reflected religious values, educational principles, loyalty, socio-cultural identity, and criticism toward political and moral behavior in society. This study contributes to the development of stylistic and contextual semantic studies, particularly in Indonesian local religious literary works.